03 Keeping Quiet
Central idea of keeping quiet
Central Idea of the Poem
In this poem, Pablo Neruda has emphasised the importance of introspection. Man has become very selfish and his own actions cause him many miseries. The world today stands divided by the man-made boundaries of caste, creed, race, religion, language, culture, nationality and geographicail divisions. We need to rise above these small issues and look at the larger picture. The poet talks about the necessity of creating a feeling of mutual understanding among human beings and discusses the need of maintaining peace.
इस कविता में, पाब्लो नरुडा ने आत्म-विश्लेषण के महत्त्व पर बल दिया है। मनुष्य अत्यधिक स्वार्थी हो गया है एवं उसे अपने कर्मों के कारण परेशानियों का सामना करना पड़ता है। आज के समय में, संसार, जाति, सम्प्रदाय, वर्ग, धर्म, भाषा, संस्कृति, राष्ट्रीयता एवं भौगोलिक विभाजनों की मानव निर्मित सीमाओं में बँटा हुआ है। हमें इन तुच्छ विवादों (मानसिकताओं) से ऊपर उठकर उच्च लक्ष्यों पर ध्यान देने की आवश्यकता है। कवि मनुष्यों में आपसी समझ की भावना पैदा करने एवं शान्ति स्थापित करने की आवश्यकता के विषय में चर्चा करता है।
EXTRACT BASED QUESTIONS
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow
"Now we will count to twelve and we will all keep still. For once on the face of the Earth let's not speak in any language, let's stop for one second, and not move our arms so much."
1. Name the poem and the poet.
कविता एवं कवि का नाम लिखिए।
Ans. The poem is 'Keeping Quiet', and the poet is Pablo Neruda.
2. How long does the poet want to stay still?
कवि कितनी देर तक स्थिर रहना चाहता है?
Ans. The poet urges each one of us to count upto twelve and remain still for one second.
3. What does he hope to achieve by keeping quiet?
मौन रहकर कवि क्या प्राप्त करने की आशा करता है?
Ans. The poet hopes that by keeping quiet we will get an opportunity to introspect. The strange stillness will give a feeling of togetherness.
4. What does the poet mean by 'not move our arms so much'?
कवि का 'not move our arms so much' से क्या तात्पर्य है?
Ans. The poet wants us not to move our arms so much because physical activity leads to stopping our introspection. Not moving our arms also suggests stopping all kinds of violence.
5. What is the significance of the number 'twelve'?
अंक 'बारह' का क्या महत्त्व है?
Ans. The significance of the number 'twelve' is that there are 12 hours in a clock and 12 months in an year. The poet wanted people to stay still as long as they could.
6. Describe the pun on the word, 'arms'. ‘आर्म्स' शब्द के द्विअर्थी प्रयोग का वर्णन कीजिए।
Ans. 'Arms' has two meanings-hands and weapons. So, the poet wants us to be still, i.e., not moving our hands, and also not fight, i.e., not use weapons.
"It would be an exotic moment without rush, without engines, we would all be together in a sudden strangeness."
1. What would be an exotic moment? एक आकर्षक क्षण कौन-सा होगा?
Ans. The moment of stillness and quietness would be an 'exotie' moment.
2. Why would it be exotic?
वह क्षण आकर्षक क्यों होगा?
Ans. The moment will be exotic because it will initiate peace and brotherhood. In the strange moment there would be quietness all around.
3. What would be the result of all being together?
सबके एक साथ एकत्रित होने का क्या परिणाम होगा?
Ans. The result of all being together will be that there will be no discrimination, which will foster harmony and brotherhood.
4. Explain: 'sudden strangeness', sudden strangeness',
Ans. 'Sudden strangeness' means that it will be something unusual, as there is total silence and a moment of togetherness.
"Those who prepare green wars, wars with gas, wars with fire, victory with no survivors, in the shade, doing nothing."would put on clean clothes and walk about with their brothers,
1. Name the different kinds of war mentioned in the above lines. What does the poet mean by 'Green wars"?
ऊपर दी गई पंक्तियों में उल्लेखित विभिन्न युद्धों के नाम लिखिए। 'हरित युद्धों" से कवि का क्या तात्पर्य है?
Ans. Green wars i.e. wars against nature, wars with poisonous gases and wars with firearms are the different kinds of war. 'Green wars' means wars against the environment. Warring nations keep on developing new 'weapons' to wage war against the environment.
2. Explain 'victory with no survivors'.
'विजय जिसमें कोई जीवित नहीं रहा' की व्याख्या कीजिए।
Ans. The poet wants to convey the message that war brings destruction and leaves none to celebrate victory. No one can gain anything by waging wars.
3. What does the poet want the warmongers to do?
कवि के अनुसार युद्ध की आग भड़काने वाले लोगों को क्या करना चाहिए?
Ans. The poet wants the warmongers to put on clean clothes, the clean clothes symbolising shedding their evil ways, to make peace with their brothers.
4. Explain: 'wars with gas, wars with fire'wars with gas, wars with fire.
Ans. 'Wars with gas, wars with fire' refers to the new technologies that are used to fight with each other and which lead to total destruction.
"Fishermen in the cold seawould not harm whales and the man gathering salt would look at his hurt hands."
1. What does the poet expect of the fishermen and why?
कवि मछुआरों से क्या उम्मीद रखता है एवं क्यों?
Ans. The poet expects that, in the moment of stillness, the fishermen will get time to introspect. They would not harm the whales at that time.
2. What will the man gathering salt do? नमक एकत्रित करने वाले व्यक्ति क्या करेगा ?
Ans. The man gathering salt will stop for a while and tend to his wounded hands.
3. What do the hurt hands' imply?
'Hurt hands' का क्या अर्थ है?
Ans. 'Hurt hands' imply the destruction that humans have caused to themselves and the environment in pursuit of their selfish needs.
4. What should the fishermen not do? मछुआरों को कौन-सा कार्य नहीं करना चाहिए?
Ans. The fishermen should not hurt the whales in the sea.
"If we were not so single-minded about keeping our lives moving, and for once could do nothing, perhaps a huge silence might interrupt this sadness of never understanding ourselves and of threatening ourselves with death."
1. Who does 'we' refer to in the above lines?
ऊपर दी गई पंक्तियों में 'हम' किसकी ओर संकेत करते हैं?
Ans. 'We' refers to the human beings who are always thinking about their own progress and advancement.
2. Why does the poet want us to 'do nothing' for once?
कवि क्यों चाहता है कि हम एक क्षण के लिए अपनी सारी गतिविधियां रोक दें एवं कुछ न करें।
Ans. The poet wants us to 'do nothing' for once so that our minds can be at peace and we are able to introspect and analyse our own actions..
3. What is the 'sadness' that the poet refers to in the poem?
वह 'उदासी' क्या है जिसकी ओर कवि अपनी कविता में संकेत करता है?
Ans. The poet refers to the 'sadness' which arises due to the fact that people fail to understand themselves. They have no time to introspect about their actions and their consequences.
4. How can a huge silence do good to us?
एक लम्बा मौन हमारी भलाई किस प्रकार कर सकता है?
Ans.A huge silence can do good to us because we are able to achieve peace in this silence. It helps us in analysing ourselves and our actions, interrupting the sadness of threatening ourselves with death.
"What I want should not be confused with total inactivity. Life is what it is about; I want no truck with death."
1. What should not be confused with 'total inactivity?
सम्पूर्ण निष्क्रियता का क्या गलत अर्थ नहीं निकाला जाना चाहिए?
Ans. Stillness and quietness should not be confused with total inactivity.
2. What is life' about?
'जीवन' किस बारे में है?
Ans. Life' is about living it to the fullest. It is not meant for wasting it by sitting idle.
3. Why does the poet say "I want no truck with death"?
कवि यह क्यों कहता है कि 'मैं मृत्यु से कोई सम्बन्ध (लेन-देन) नहीं चाहता?"
Ans. The poet clarifies that he wants no association with death. He is advocating stillness and quietness to introspect, not total inactivity or death.
4. What does the poet not want himself to be?
कवि स्वयं क्या बनना नहीं चाहता है?
Ans. The poet doesn't want himself to be confused with advocating total inactivity.
Perhaps the Earth can teach us as when everything seems dead and later proves to be alive. Now I'll count up to twelve and you keep quiet and I will go".
1. What does the Earth teach us?
धरती (पृथ्वी) हमें क्या सिखाती है?
Ans. The Earth teaches us that there is life under apparent stillness. It means that we can still be alive even if we appear to be 'still' or 'calm'.
2. What does the poet mean to achieve by counting upto twelve?
बारह तक गिनती गिनने से कवि क्या प्राप्त करने की आशा करता है?
Ans. The poet wants to achieve peace by counting upto twelve. He wants us to introspect in a moment of silence.
3. What is the significance of 'keeping quiet'?
‘मौन रहने' का क्या महत्त्व है?
Ans. Keeping quiet doesn't mean keeping mute. It means that we should avoid all such activities which hurt nature and, in turn, harm us.
4. What is always alive when everything seems dead? जब सब कुछ मृत प्रतीत होता है, तब भी क्या जीवित रहता है?
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